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AP Psychology Homework
Cognition
Code: _____________________
- A mental image of the "best" example
of a category. ____________________________
- The inability to see a problem from a new
perspective. ___________________________
- Estimating the likelihood of an event based on
its availability in memory. ___________________ heuristic.
- An early speech stage in which the child
speaks like a telegram (e.g., "play puppy") using mostly nouns and
verbs and omitting "auxiliary" words. ________________________
speech
- A system of rules in a language that enables
us to communicate with and understand others. __________________________
- A tendency to search for information that
confirms one’s preconceptions. __________________________ ________________
- The mental activities associated with
thinking, knowing, and remembering. __________________
- The set of rules by which we derive meaning
from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language.
_________________________
- The way an issue (or question) is posed. This
can significantly affect decisions and judgements. (This is similar to the
"wording effect"). _________________________
- In spoken language, the smallest distinctive
sound unit. _______________________
- The tendency to view objects only in terms of
their usual functions. ____________________ _____________________
- Beginning at about 3 – 4 months, the stage
of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various
sounds. In the beginning, these sounds are unrelated to the household
language. _________________________ stage
- Clinging to one’s initial conception or
opinion regarding an issue even after the basis on which they were formed
has been discredited. _______________________ ___________________________
- A mental grouping of similar objects, events,
ideas, or people. ______________________
- A sudden and often novel realization of the
solution to a problem. ____________________
- The tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs
to distort logical reasoning. ________________ _______________
- The rules for combining words into
grammatically sensible sentences. ________________
- A rule of thumb for judging the likelihood of
things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular
prototypes. _______________________________ heuristic.
- A methodical, logical rule or procedure that
guarantees solving a particular problem. _________________________
- In language, the smallest unit of speech that
carries meaning. It may be a word or part of a word.
________________________
- A "rule of thumb" strategy that
often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently (but not
necessarily error-free). _________________________
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